What’s in a variety?

Matthew Schuster

Minidoka County Extension

Variety selection is an important decision in wheat production. Think about it. The variety you select can influence the nutrients and chemicals you apply, possibly the amount of irrigation required, and whether or not it will produce a product that is both acceptable to you and to the consumer.

There are several things to consider when choosing a variety, but they all fall into two main categories: production and consumer demand.

Choosing a wheat variety that meets production needs is essential when raising a crop. First, consider your field and production strategy. Is one disease more prevalent than another? Is there a history of insect problems? Is lodging a concern? How soon will I need irrigation?

Second, pick a variety that is tolerant or resistant to insect or disease problems. If irrigation is going to be short, maybe a hard red variety will fit better than a soft white.

With the number of varieties available to producers, there should be several that fit your needs. However, this leads us into the second category: consumer demand.

There are numerous varieties available to fit production needs; however, certain varieties may not be acceptable to consumers. For example, a variety such as Penewawa produces a nice yield, but has inferior milling and baking quality compared to Jubilee and Treasure.

The Idaho Wheat Commission has compiled a list of Idaho varieties, known as the ‘Idaho Preferred Mix,’ which exhibit above average and acceptable milling qualities. Compare those varieties to its yield history in your area to see if they fit your production needs. Then sit down with your grain buyer to see if they have any suggestions or input concerning consumer demand.

Picking a variety can be a difficult process, but don’t forget your customers. Yield is important when determining economic return, but a secure customer base maintains a market.

Check out the varieties listed in the ‘Idaho Preferred Mix’ at www.idahowheat.org.